Menu Close

RISC-V From Zero to Hero: Beginner Tutorial Series

Posted in Risc-V
Article 1: Introduction to RISC-V – Why Learn It
  • What is RISC-V and why it is an open Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)
  • Modular design (RV32I base, RV64I, and extensions)
  • Advantages over x86 and ARM for learning and real projects
  • Real-world uses: embedded systems, AI chips, open-source hardware
  • Who this series is for (absolute beginners with no assembly experience)
  • Overview of the complete learning path

Article 2: Setting Up Your RISC-V Development Environment

  • Installing the RISC-V GNU Toolchain
  • Using QEMU to emulate RISC-V hardware
  • Best beginner tool: RARS simulator (visual registers and memory)
  • Online simulators and Easy RISC-V interactive tool
  • Essential commands: assemble, link, run, and disassemble with objdump
  • Quick warm-up: Compile and run your first C Hello World on RISC-V

Article 3: Your First RISC-V Assembly Program

  • Basic structure of a RISC-V assembly file (.text, .data, labels)
  • Writing the simplest program that exits cleanly
  • Understanding the _start entry point
  • How to assemble and run the program
  • Common beginner mistakes and how to debug them

Article 4: RISC-V Registers and Basic Data Movement

  • Register names and conventions (x0–x31, a0–a7, t0–t6, s0–s11, sp, ra, zero)
  • Caller-saved vs callee-saved registers
  • Loading immediate values using li, lui, and addi
  • Moving data between registers

Article 5: Arithmetic and Logical Instructions

  • Basic arithmetic: add, sub, mul, div (including M extension)
  • Logical operations: and, or, xor, not
  • Pseudoinstructions vs real machine instructions
  • Practical examples and bit manipulation

Article 6: Memory Access – Load and Store Instructions

  • Load/Store architecture explained
  • Key instructions: lw, sw, lb, sb, etc.
  • Addressing modes with immediate offsets
  • Introduction to the stack and the sp register
  • Defining data in memory (.word, .byte, .ascii)

Article 7: Control Flow – Branches and Comparisons

  • Conditional branches: beq, bne, blt, bge, etc.
  • Set-on-less-than instructions (slt)
  • Writing loops in assembly
  • Unconditional jumps (j, jal)

Article 8: Functions and the Stack

  • RISC-V calling conventions (arguments and return values)
  • Using jal / jalr and the return address register ra
  • Creating and cleaning up stack frames
  • Saving and restoring registers
  • Leaf functions vs non-leaf functions

Article 9: System Calls and Console Output

  • Using ecall for system calls
  • Printing strings and numbers to the console
  • Reading input from user
  • Proper program exit
  • Complete Hello World program written entirely in assembly

Article 10: Putting It All Together – Small Projects

  • Building small complete programs (calculator, string processor, simple game loop)
  • Debugging techniques with objdump and simulator single-step
  • Mixing C code with assembly

Leave a Reply